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Appendix B: Software Reference Manual
11
11.1
Appendix B: Software Reference Manual
Software Architecture
The example application software package is designed to abstract the low level details of using a
microcontroller in an engine control application. This will allow a developer to focus attention on the
signals and application tasks instead of on the very specific functionality of the MCU. Software
applications can then be created based on a higher level of understanding. For the Small Engine
Reference Design, this high level approach breaks the engine control application into three tasks: 1) User
Management, 2) Data Management, and 3) Engine Management. Each of these tasks must be developed
by the user. Working examples for running a real engine are provided as model of successful using this
architecture.
The hardware abstraction layer uses complier directives to associate software signals with hardware
functionality. This is best shown in the following example:
/** RIN3, Port P, Channel 2 */
#define RIN3 (PTP_PTP2)
/** RIN3, Port P, Channel 2, Low */
DDRP_DDRP2 = OUTPUT;
RIN3 = LOW;
In this example the relay 3 control signal, RIN3 is being removed from the hardware in two ways. First,
the actual control pin PTP2 is associated with the system signal name RIN3. If a change is made, based
on a hardware level modification, it can quickly be made at for every instance of the signal by only
changing one line of code. Also the control for the signal is referenced by functionality, in this case a low
signal. This is important as a signal could have reverse logic due to other components outside the MCU
and can be easily modified to accommodate such a situation.
Under the high level functions, are control tasks. All control tasks operate regardless of the completion of
the high level tasks. This creates a hybrid operating system where high level tasks are in the time domain
and the low level tasks are in the crankshaft or angle domain. Low level tasks in the angle domain operate
on an event basis and then get the latest operation parameters from the time domain tasks on the
conclusion of an event. As a result, if a time domain task did not complete before the next angle domain
event associated with the task, the angle domain event will occur with the previous parameters. This is
an acceptable practice as the response time of an engine is proportional to its operating speed. As the
engine rotation rate increases, there is less time for the application to execute. However, the inertia of the
engine changes with the rotation rate, which makes the engine less sensitive to fine control adjustments
as engine speed increases.
Small Engine Reference Design User Manual , Rev. 3.0
Freescale Semiconductor
55
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